Modern Python Projects Transcripts
Chapter: Python versions and packages
Lecture: Summary
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It was a very long chapter. But if you're watching this video and you followed all the steps,
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you should now have a rock solid set up for your future Python projects. Let's quickly recap what we did and how it's going to help us.
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First, we installed pyenv, so we can easily install different versions of Python and switch between them. So with pyenv to install new Python version,
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you can use pyenv install and the name of the version, and then you basically use one of the three commands.
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If you want to change the global Python version on your computer, then you're gonna use pyenv global.
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If you want to change Python version for this current folder and all the sub folders you going to use pyenv local.
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And finally, if you want to set specific Python version for the current shell session you're gonna use pyenv shell.
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The main benefits of using pyenv are, first You don't mess with the Python version that it's already installed on your computer.
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You should never update the system Python because there are other programs that depends on this specific version. If you updated,
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they will break. Once you have pyenv installed and working,
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you are almost guaranteed that installing new version of Python through pyenv will be successful
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There might be some problems with your first Python version, because you might be missing some dependencies, but once you sort it out,
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it's gonna be much easier to install. new Python version. The biggest benefit is that you can install multiple versions of Python
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and instantly switch between them. This is super useful if you're working on different projects
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that use different Python versions. Because if you quickly need to switch, let's say, from Python 3.9 to 3.6. It's just one command away.
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And if you mess up something you can easily reinstall pyenv, you just remove the .pyenv folder and you install pyenv again.
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or we can completely uninstall pyenv, and you'll be back to whatever version of Python you have used on your computer before.
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Next, we saw how to use virtual environments, so we will no longer have problems that one Python package uninstalled some other Python packages.
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How you are going to use virtual environments depends if you're using the built in venv module for one of the tools,
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for example, the virtualenvwrapper that I recommended. But basically, in both cases, you first need to create a virtual environment.
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Then you need to activate it to start using it. And when you are done or when you want to switch to a different virtual environment
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you have to deactivate it. Some of the benefits of using virtual environments include starting with Python 3.3 venv is a
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built in module in Python, so it's a default standard for managing dependencies In
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Python World. Virtual environments isolate packages between your projects, so each Python project on your computer has its own set of dependencies,
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and they can all live in harmony. And if you mess something up, you can always delete a virtual environment and create a new one.
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Finally, we installed pipx, so our global Python packages are nicely isolated from each other.
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We no longer risk that when we install a new Python package globally, it will mess up some other packages.
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We could solve this problem by always using virtual environments, but it's very inconvenient. So when you use pipx,
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the only difference is that Now you have to install global packages with pipx install command, instead of the usual pip install.
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Main benefits of using pipx are that it isolates global packages.
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So you no longer risk that installing one global package will uninstall dependencies for some other
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global package. And it's pretty transparent to use, when you install a package using pipx.
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You can use it as you would normally use that package if it was installed with pip. With all those tools set up,
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we are ready to start building Python projects in the next chapter.